![]() extractor for a combine having a conveyor system
专利摘要:
EXTRACTING APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING INTACT HARVESTING WASTE COLLECTION -A fan-powered extractor system for a combine, such as a sugarcane harvester, uses a rotary extractor screen, larger than a flow path. air to the fan, which moves along the airflow path, so that the air flows through the screen, to collect leaves and other crop residues airborne on it, and transports them from the airflow and deposits them on the ground, beside or behind the combine, or in another receiver, without going through the fan. The extractor screen can also pass through the fan discharge air flow to blow the collected residue from it, and the leaf deposition site is optionally selectable. 公开号:BR102014007602B1 申请号:R102014007602-6 申请日:2014-03-28 公开日:2020-07-28 发明作者:Geert Vergote 申请人:Cnh America Llc; IPC主号:
专利说明:
TECHNICAL FIELD [001] The present invention relates, in general, to an apparatus and system powered by a fan for a harvester, such as a sugarcane harvester, and, more particularly, that use a rotary extraction screen larger than that the airflow path to the fan, which moves along the airflow path, to collect leaves and other airborne crop residue, and leads them through the airflow and deposits them largely intact on the ground, beside or behind the combine, or another receiver, without going through the fan. The extractor screen can also pass through the fan discharge air flow to clean the residue remaining in it, and the location relative to the harvester, in which the waste is deposited, is optionally selectable. BACKGROUND [002] Automatic sugarcane harvesters are typically configured to sequentially cut cane vertically in relation to the ground, using one or more basic cutters, and have a processing apparatus, including one or more conveyors, to transport the reeds cut back and a cutter to cut into smaller pieces. Sugarcane harvesters also often include an apparatus for extracting, or otherwise removing leaves from the cut canes, and one or more extractors to separate the leaves and other plant residue from the cut canes, during the process. Typical extractors include a fan, placed in a housing above one or more of the conveyors, configured to transfer the leaves and other loose plant waste upward away from the heavier canes, so that the canes remain on the conveyor or on the conveyors, to further processing or collection, and the leaves and other residue pass through the fan and are discharged with the fan discharge, typically in a direction selectable by a fan cover or deflator, arranged above the extractor fan housing. A disadvantage, however, is that the leaves and other residue pass through the fan, which causes undesirable wear on the fan blades, and can occasionally wrap around the fan blades, and / or possibly blocking the flow through the fan. fan. Another disadvantage, for applications in which it is desired that the leaves and other waste remain largely intact, such as for collection for use as biomass or in the production of energy, is that the fan will cut the leaves, making collection difficult and impossible. their use. It was also observed that the waste, which passes through the fan, is more widely distributed in the field, which may be undesirable in view of its collection, for example, for biomass. In that regard, reference is made to Wendte et al, U.S. patent 6,272,819, which describes and illustrates an extractor apparatus representative of a sugarcane harvester. [003] As an alternative to passing through the extractor fan, it is considered, according to the present invention, to use a movable screen in front of the fan, to collect the waste stream towards the fan. Several mobile screen devices have been developed in the past, but suffer from deficiencies. In this regard, reference is made to Ellis, U.S. Patent 4,235,293, which describes the use of a mobile spiral-type screen, to remove soil from a transported potato stream. An observed limitation of this device, however, is that the spiral surrounds the rollers, above and below the entrance to the fan housing, and the spiral surrounds the rollers, so that the earth-containing side of the spiral faces the exposed fan. , and the earth is deposited in the spiral, and if not removed it can be displaced and expelled by the fan. [004] It is also known as locating rotating screens on the air intake path for heat exchangers, radiators and the engine of operational machines, including sugar cane harvesters. In that regard, reference is made to D'hondt, U.S. patent 7,981,175. D'hont's device provides a combination of brushing and blowing capabilities to remove debris and accumulated residue from the rotating screen. However, a limitation is that it is used in conjunction with a radially outwardly facing screen, and the blowing device covers part of the airflow path through the screen. This can be disadvantageous for high air flow applications, such as the present extractor application, in which the screen is specifically intended to pull out and collect a high volume of crop residue. [005] Consequently, a way of adapting a harvester extractor system has been devised to reduce or eliminate the passage of waste, that is, leaves, through the fan, to reduce wear and other associated problems, and to overcome one or more of the deficiencies and limitations presented above. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [006] An apparatus and extractor system for a combine are described, to reduce or eliminate the passage of waste, that is, leaves, by the extractor fan, to reduce wear and other associated problems, and that overcome one or more of the deficiencies and limitations presented above. [007] According to a preferred aspect of the invention, for a combine having a conveyor system for transporting harvested or cut crops and loose residue, the extractor system includes a fan arranged in a fan housing, including an inlet opening, arranged in a spaced relationship with the conveyor system apparatus, so that the inlet opening and the conveyor apparatus define ends of an airflow path between them. The system includes a rotating extractor screen, larger than the air flow path, and an inlet opening, arranged in a displaced relation to the air flow path, so that a limited part of the extraction screen is extend through the airflow, so that the airflow passes through the screen on the way to the inlet opening, while most of the screen is located next to the airflow path, outside the airflow. [008] Operationally, the extractor fan is rotatable to extract an air around a region of the conveyor system, along the air flow path and to the fan housing through the inlet opening, to transport at least part of the waste loose towards the fan. The air flow will pass through and to the entrance opening, but the airborne residue will collide and be collected against the screen, retained on it by the force of the air flow, in order to be prevented from entering the fan housing. The largest part of the screen, due to not being in the air flow, does not collect the residue. A drive is connected and rotates the extractor screen through the air flow path, so that the air flow passes through different parts of the screen, during rotation, and the waste is collected, after which it is led out of the way, as it rotates out of the way to remove the collected waste from the air flow. Once out of the air flow, the collected waste is no longer retained against the screen, and is free to fall onto a surface, such as the soil below it, or to or in a desired collection recipient. [009] According to another preferred aspect of the invention, a scraper is provided at a desired location along a rotation path of the extractor fabric, in a position to scrape at least part of the waste collected from it, once removed from the flow of air. The scraper can be advantageously positioned to somehow control a location demarcation at the end, from which the collected residue falls, so that it can have, in some way, a controlled or limited area, for example, a relatively narrow one, beside of the combine. [010] As another preferred aspect of the invention, at least part of the air flow, discharged from the fan, will be directed by the part of the extractor screen, next to the fan housing, in a direction opposite to the direction in which the air flows , to enter the entrance opening, to move and clean the remaining residue of the screen. This is preferably done by using a discharge cover, together with a discharge opening in the fan housing. [011] As the preferred parameters, the inlet opening and the extraction screen are both round, and the screen has an extension or surface area, which is about 4 times the size of the area of the air flow path and the air opening. input. The extractor system may include a closed airflow passage, which extends from the conveyor system to the fan housing, and the extractor screen may extend and rotate through the groove to and from the airflow path to collect the waste. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [012] Figure 1 is a simplified side view of a representative harvester, including an extractor system according to the invention, showing the harvest of a crop, with arrows showing the flow of the harvest through the harvester, the extraction of crop residue and deposition of the residue on the soil. [013] Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary side view of the rear end of the combine in Figure 1, showing aspects of the ex-tractor system. [014] Figure 3 is a fragmentary rear view of the combine, showing aspects of the extractor system. [015] Figure 4 is a simplified schematic side view of aspects of the combine and the extractor system. [016] Figure 5 is a simplified schematic top view of aspects of the harvester and the extractor system, in a configuration for harvest unloading, on a first side of the harvester, and waste deposition, on a second side. [017] Figure 6 is another view from the simplified schematic top of the aspects of the harvester and the extractor system of Figure 5, shown in an alternative configuration for crop discharge, on the second side, and waste deposition, on the first side. [018] Figure 7 is another simplified schematic side view of aspects of the harvester and the extractor system. [019] Figure 8 is another view from the simplified schematic top of aspects of the harvester and the extractor system, showing an optional scraper. [020] Figure 9 is a simplified fragmentary side view of aspects of the extractor system and the scraper in Figure 8. [021] Figure 10 is a simplified fragmentary side view of aspects of the extractor system in Figure 9, showing the scraper in section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [022] Referring then to the drawings, in Figure 1, a representative harvester 20, which is a sugarcane harvester, is shown, including an extractor system 22, constructed and operable in accordance with the present invention. Combine harvester 20 is in another conventional construction and operation mode, including: caterpillars 24 and the associated drive line, to propel harvester 20 through the ground; the harvesting apparatus 26 including harvesting dividers 28, for gathering and separating a line or a trail of plants that will be cut from the soil from those that will not be cut; base cutters 30 to cut plants from the soil; an operator's station 32; a power source 34 to power the harvester; and other well-known aspects. In this regard, reference is made to a complete sugarcane harvester of similar well-known construction, and described in U.S. Patent 6,272,819, incorporated in this specification by reference in its entirety by reference. [023] In operation, plants in vertical position 36 are joined by dividers 28, as the harvester 20 moves in a forward direction, denoted by the arrow F, by the surface of the soil G. The base cutters 30 cut then the plants collected 36 from the soil and left them on a conveyor of a conveyor system 38, which transports the cut plants backwards by the combine 20, in a flow denoted by the arrows CF. As a non-limiting reference, individual plants 36 can be 1 meter in length or less, up to 3 to 4 meters. Sugarcane has relatively long leaves, and in some place or places within the harvester, the leaves and other waste, then sometimes referred to collectively as waste, will be removed or extracted from the cut plants 36, for example, for example, reeds, by a suitable apparatus, such as a rotatingly operable extractor apparatus 40, and, in a loose state, a flow of the residue, for example, basically leaves, denoted by the arrows R, will blend with o, and be driven backwards, by the CF flow of cut plants 36 by the conveyor system 38. [024] Referring differently to Figures 2 to 7, it is typically desired to also cut the plants into pieces of a shorter length, for example, from a quarter to a half meter or less, while still on the harvester 20. To do this , the conveyor system 38 includes a lift conveyor 42, which extends upwards and backwards, and includes a series of energy transfer rollers 44, rotatable to guide the cut plants 36 to a cutter 46 (Figures 4 to 7), conventionally constructed and operable to cut the plants from the CF stream into a stream of pieces denoted by arrow B, and discharge the stream of pieces B, airborne and mixed with the waste stream R. If not disturbed, the stream of pieces B and the waste stream R will fall together on a discharge conveyor 48 of the system 38, extending upwards from the rear of the harvester 20, which will transport and propel them from the harvester 20, for example, airborne ported on a desired direction to an associated receiver 50, such as a truck or van (Figures 5 and 6). The discharge conveyor 48 is preferably pivoting at least side by side, so that it can be positioned so that it extends to either side or backwards, as desired, as shown differently in Figures 3, 5 and 6. [025] Instead of collecting the pieces and the waste together, it is usually desired to separate the waste stream R, basically the leaves 52, from the flow of pieces B, so that only the pieces 42 are collected in the receiver 50 (Figure 6). As discussed above, in the prior art this was done by using one or more fan powered extractors, represented, in this case, by the extractor 54, located in one or more suitable locations, in association with the conveyor system 38, as adjacent to the end upper rear of the lift conveyor 44 and the piece cutter 46, particularly when only the flow of cut pieces B and the waste stream R are airborne on the way to the discharge conveyor 48. Extractor 54 uses the suction of its fan 56, to create an air flow AF, which will lift at least a substantial part of the loose waste stream R, whose elements are light enough to be liftable by air suction forces from the stream of pieces B, whose pieces 42 are generally too heavy to be lifted by the suction of air, generated by a typical extractor fan. In known extractors, such as the extractor 54 illustrated, the residue R passes with the air flow AF through the extractor fan housing 58, containing the fan 56, and is blown out of it by the air flow, guided by a cover of discharge directed downwards 68, in a wide trail in the soil, in which the residue will eventually decompose (not shown). As mentioned above, passing the waste through the fan housing results in wear to the fan and possible clogging. The waste is also cut in some way by the fan, and is widely dispersed so as not to be easily recovered or collected, if desired, for use as biomass and the like. [026] The extractor system 22 overcomes the problems mentioned above by incorporating a deposition and waste collection capacity to a conventional extractor 54, which provides a more accurate deposition of the waste stream R on a track or line, having a width W controlled on the ground, in a desired relationship with the combine 20 (Figures 5 and 6), or an associated receiver (not shown). Conventional elements of the extractor system 22 include fan 56 and fan housing 58, which has an inlet opening facing down 60, into which the AF airflow is extracted, and an outlet opening facing upwards 62 through which is downloaded, as illustrated. The fan 56 is, in this case, suspended in the housing 58, above the opening 60 by a drive shaft 64, which is connected in a relationship driven by rotation, to a drive 66, which can comprise, for example, a motor powered by conventional fluid, electric motor, belt drive or fan, operable to rotate fan 56 within housing 58, in the well-known manner. The drive 66 is arranged on or above the discharge cover 68, located above the fan housing 58. The discharge cover 68 covers the discharge opening 62, is configured to direct the flow of AF air discharged from the fan housing 58 to down and out, away from the combine 20, and is preferably mounted so as to be pivoting or rotating, to direct the flow of unloaded AF air in a desired direction. [027] The extractor system 22 additionally significantly includes a rotating extractor screen 70, which is larger than the inlet opening 60 of the fan housing 58, and also an airflow path 72, extending from the outlet of the piece cutter 46 at the upper rear end of the lifting conveyor 42, for the opening 60, as shown in Figures 4 and 7. The airflow path 72 is located above the lower end of the discharge conveyor 48, so as to cover the space in which the flow of pieces B and the reaction flow R pass, when discharged from the piece cutter 46, from which the air flow AF is generated. Preferably, the airflow path 72 is connected and closed by an airflow housing 74, shown in this case having a partial tapered or tapered shape, which converges convergingly below the extractor screen 70, just above the ex- lower tremor of the discharge conveyor 48, to contain the air flow AF and also guide the downward flow B of pieces, from the pieces cutter 46 to the conveyor 48. The extractor screen 70 is supported in an offset relationship with the flow path air flow 72, so that a limited part of the screen 70 extends through it and occupies the air flow path 72, so that the air flow AF, generated by the fan 56, will pass through the screen 70 in the path for the inlet opening 60, while a larger portion of the screen 70 is located beside the airflow path 72 and housing 56, outside the AF airflow. The extractor screen 70 is supported by a rotary drive 76 (Figures 4 and 7), which can be a conventional fluid-powered motor, an electric motor, a belt or fan drive, or the like, operating to rotate the screen 70 around of a rotation axis 78, so that the part of the screen 70, in the air flow path 72, changes and successive parts of the screen surface are moved by the air flow AF, to collect the residue in a way of continuous renewal , in order to maintain an adequate air flow and avoid clogging or reduced performance. Preferably, in this respect, the rotation is continuous so that the part of the screen 70, through which the air flows into the inlet opening 60, changes continuously in a way to prevent clogging or accumulation of residue, which would impair the rotation or cause fall of the screen residue inside the housing 74. The rotation speed can be constant, or variable, as desired or necessary to obtain the desired collection and deposition of waste. [028] The extractor fabric 70 is preferably generally or substantially flat and round, and has a fabric surface 80, supported by an external frame 82. The fabric surface 80 includes perforations or interstices in it for passage of the AF air flow, but not of the leaves 52 and other elements of the R waste stream. A suitable material for the fabric surface 80 is a fabric wire made of metal or fiber construction. Preferably, the extractor web 70 extends through a groove 84 in the airflow housing 74; at an interface of the upper part of housing 74 and fan housing 58; or in a housing 58, so that it is located just below the fan 56, so that adequate suction is generated on the underside of the part of the screen surface 80, located in the airflow path 72, by the airflow AF to collect and retain leaves and other elements of the waste stream against the underside of surface 80, as denoted by small arrows R in Figures 4 and 7. [029] As a non-limiting example, the screen surface 80 of the screen 72 will have a total size several times larger than the total size of the airflow path 72 next to it, and also an inlet opening 60, also close to it. A size about 4 times larger than that illustrated has been found to be satisfactory for various applications. In this case, because both the screen 72 and the inlet opening 60 are rounded, a suitable diametrical size of the screen 72 is about two or more times the diameter of the airflow path 72 and the inlet opening. 60. In addition, the displacement ratio of the screen 72 to the path 72 and the input opening 60 can be adjusted, so that the round screen and input opening are generally tangent. This is advantageous since the entire inlet opening will be on one side of the rotation axis 78 of the screen. [030] As a result of the system configuration 22, operationally, the rotation of the fan 56 drags the air flow AF along the air flow path 72, through the surface 80 of the screen 70, and to the fan housing 58 through the inlet opening 60. The airborne residue R will be driven by the air flow AF, so as to collide with the screen surface 80, and be collected and held against it by the air flow. Then, due to the rotation of the screen 70, the collected residue R will be transported through the screen 70, from the airflow path 72, through the groove 84, to the outside of the airflow housing 74, usually beside and to the rear of the rear end of the harvester 20. Then, out of the airflow, which held the residue against the screen 70, the residue R is free to fall from the screen 80 on the ground, as illustrated, or in a desired receiver positioned below hers (not shown). Because it is not blown from the discharge cover 68 by the fan 56, and instead of falling from a lower location, the residue R tends to be collected in a dense, relatively narrow line, having a width W, which can vary between less than one meter to less than two meters, so as to be easily able to be harvested by a bale rake, or the like, for use for a desired purpose, for example, biomass. [031] With reference also to Figures 8, 9 and 10, the system 22 of the harvester 20 additionally preferably includes a scraper 86 in a desired location, along a rotation path of the extractor web 70, in this case, a location at the rear, in position to scrape at least part of the residue collected from the underside of the screen surface 80, basically the remaining leaves 52 still attached or lodged against it, once removed from the air flow. If desired or necessary, the location of the scraper 86 can be selected to somehow control a lateral limitation, from where the residue R will fall, so that a place where the residue falls can be relatively controlled or limited, for example. example, a relatively narrow area next to the combine 20, as illustrated. The scraper 86 can be supported in any suitable manner, very close to the underside of the web surface 80, such as in a cantilevered manner of a support 88, located close to the center of the web 70, so as to extend radially to outside, to be adjacent to an external frame 82. The scraper 86 is illustrated as having a wedge shape, and may have replaceable blades 90, along its upper edges, for contact with the screen surface 80, for easy cleaning , if desired. [032] With reference again to Figures 3, 4 and 7, as an additional cleaning item, the discharge cover 68 can be configured to direct a portion of the air flow discharged AF through a portion of the screen 70, at direction opposite to the upward flow through it, and externally to the fan housing 58 and the airflow housing 74, as illustrated by the AF arrows, to dislodge trapped sheets and other residue, before part of the screen re-enters the flow path of air 72. [033] It should be understood that variations in the details, materials, stages and dispositions of parts, which have been described and illustrated to explain the nature of the invention, will occur to, and can be made by, those skilled in the art by reading this description , within the principles and scope of the invention. The preceding description illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention, although concepts, based on the description, can be used in other embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention. Consequently, the claims presented below are intended to largely protect the invention, as well as its specific form shown.
权利要求:
Claims (13) [0001] 1. Extractor (54) for a combine (20), having a conveyor system (38) for transporting cut crop and loose residue, comprising: a fan (56) arranged in a fan housing (58), including an inlet opening (60) and a discharge opening (62), the inlet opening (60) arranged in a spaced relationship with the conveyor system (38), so that the inlet opening (60) and the conveyor system (38) define ends of an airflow path between them, the air flowing through the inlet opening (60) towards the discharge opening (62); CHARACTERIZED by additionally comprising: a rotating extractor screen (70) having a rotation axis (78) including a drive connected in a rotary drive relationship to the extractor screen (70) to rotate the screen (70) through the air flow path (72), so that the air flow passes through successive parts of the screen, the extractor screen (70) having a surface area greater than a sectional extension of the air flow path (72), the axis of rotation (78 ) arranged in a displaced relation to it, so that a part of the extractor screen (70) covers the air flow path (72), so that the air flow, along the path, passes through it and for the inlet opening (60), while most of the screen (70) is located next to the airflow path (72). [0002] 2. Extractor (54) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the axis of rotation (78) is generally parallel and lateral to the air flow path (72). [0003] 3. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the surface area of the extractor fabric (70) is at least 4 times greater than the sectional length of the air flow path (72). [0004] 4. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the air flow path (72) and the extractor screen (70) have round shapes, respectively. [0005] 5. Extractor (54) according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the inlet opening (60) and the extractor screen (70) generally have tangent edges. [0006] 6. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the inlet opening (60) and the extractor screen (70) are at least generally flat and parallel. [0007] 7. Extractor (54), according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the inlet opening (60) has a diametrical extension of about half of a diametrical extension of the extractor screen (70). [0008] 8. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it also comprises an air flow housing, arranged around the air flow path (72), between the conveyor system (38) and the extracting screen (70). [0009] 9. Extractor (54), according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the extractor part (54) covering the inlet opening (60) is arranged in a groove (84), between the fan housing (58 ) and the airflow housing. [0010] 10. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the extractor (54) also includes a discharge cover (68) together with the discharge opening (62), configured to direct at least one part of the air flow discharged next to the fan housing (58), and at least a part of most of the extractor screen (70) is located in a discharge air flow path (72) of the discharge cover (68 ). [0011] 11. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the extractor fan (58), the extractor screen (70) and the drive comprise an extractor system (22) configured to operate to drag a flow air from the conveyor system (38) along the air flow path (72) through the part of the extractor screen (70) and the inlet opening (60) to the fan housing (58), to transport an airborne flow from the waste from the conveyor system (38) against the extractor screen (70), in order to be collected and thus transported from the air flow, and so that, when out of the air flow, the collected waste will fall from the screen extractor (70) on a surface or receiver below it. [0012] 12. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it includes a scraper (86) disposed next to the fan housing (58) configured to scrape the collected residue from the extractor screen (70). [0013] 13. Extractor (54), according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the harvester (20) is a sugarcane harvester, the conveyor system (38) including a lift conveyor (42, 44) extending up and back to transport cut plants (36) to a chunk cutter (46) and a discharge conveyor (48), the extractor (54) being placed above said discharge conveyor (48) to transport an air flow of waste from the conveyor system (38) against the extractor screen (70).
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 AU2014201824B2|2017-06-01| US20140295923A1|2014-10-02| BR102014007602A2|2015-12-08| US9119346B2|2015-09-01| AU2014201824A1|2014-10-16| BR102014007602A8|2019-09-10|
引用文献:
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法律状态:
2015-12-08| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention| 2018-02-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law| 2019-09-10| B03H| Publication of an application: rectification|Free format text: REFERENTE AO CODIGO 3.1 PUBLICADO NA RPI2344 DE 08/12/2015 RELATIVO AO CAMPO INID (30) DADOS DA PRIORIDADE UNIONISTA. CONSIDEREM-SE OS DADOS ATUAIS. | 2019-10-01| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure| 2020-03-31| B09A| Decision: intention to grant| 2020-07-28| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/03/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 US13/852,853|2013-03-28| US13/852,853|US9119346B2|2013-03-28|2013-03-28|Extractor apparatus and system for intact crop residue collection and deposition| 相关专利
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